Gangkhar Puensum is Bhutan's highest peak and may also be the highest unclimbed mountain in the world. As a landlocked country, Bhutan has no navy. Bhutan's sixth Five-Year Plan (1987–92) included a policy of 'one nation, one people' and introduced a code of traditional Drukpa dress and etiquette called Driglam Namzhag . [116] Bhutan considers political parties associated with these refugees to be illegal and terrorist. A documentary of the match was made by the Dutch filmmaker Johan Kramer. [134] Agrarian practices consist largely of subsistence farming and animal husbandry. [105] Women also, in general, work lower-quality jobs than men and only earn 75% of men's earnings. [119] Starting in the 1980s, Bhutan adopted a policy of "One Nation One People" to exert cultural (in language, dress and religion) and political dominance of the majority Drukpa people. [116] Human rights groups initially claimed the government interfered with individual rights by requiring all citizens, including ethnic minority members, to wear the traditional dress of the ethnic majority in public places. [85] The political system grants universal suffrage. [213], Rooted deep in Bhutan culture is the idea of selflessness and the women of Bhutan take on this role in the context of the household. The land consists mostly of steep and high mountains crisscrossed by a network of swift rivers that form deep valleys before draining into the Indian plains. The Royal Bhutan Army is Bhutan's military service. The Tourism Council of Bhutan is pleased to present the River Survey Report 2020. Popular beverages include butter tea, black tea, locally brewed ara (rice wine), and beer. Finden Sie jetzt Antworten mit 6 Buchstaben. [140] In May 2012, "Thimphu TechPark" was launched in the capital. Most development projects, such as road construction, rely on contract labor from neighboring India. The industrial sector accounts for 22% of the economy. [201] The University of Texas at El Paso in the United States has adopted Bhutanese architecture for its buildings on campus, as have the nearby Hilton Garden Inn and other buildings in the city of El Paso.[202]. [214] Importantly, land ownership does not necessarily equate to economic benefits - despite the eldest daughter having control of the house, it is the husband that is in charge of making decisions. The local diet also includes pork, beef, yak meat, chicken, and lamb. The match was held in Thimphu's Changlimithang National Stadium, and Bhutan won 4–0. Future projects are being planned with Bangladesh. Bhutan maintains formal diplomatic relations with several Asian and European nations, Canada, and Brazil. [30], Names similar to Bhutan—including Bohtan, Buhtan, Bottanthis, Bottan and Bottanter—began to appear in Europe around the 1580s. The Druk Gyalpo (Dragon King) is the head of state. In addition, it is projected that the improved road conditions will encourage more tourism in the more inaccessible eastern region of Bhutan. [104] This leads to a limitation of their voices in government. [148] Power is supplied to various states in India. [125][126][127] Those who had been granted citizenship by the 1958 Nationality Law were stripped of their citizenship. It, as well as the title of Dasho, comes from the throne in recognition of an individual’s outstanding service to the nation. The Indian summer monsoon begins from late-June through July to late-September and is mostly confined to the southern border region of Bhutan. Various subsects of Buddhism emerged that were patronized by the various Mongol warlords. Bhutanâs Main Message for Voluntary National Review 2018. The dancers enjoy royal patronage, and preserve ancient folk and religious customs and perpetuate the ancient lore and art of mask-making. Other commercial banks are Bhutan Development Bank, T-Bank and Druk Punjab National Bank. Paro Airport is the only international airport in Bhutan. Agricultural produce includes rice, chilies, dairy (some yak, mostly cow) products, buckwheat, barley, root crops, apples, and citrus and maize at lower elevations. [211] Competitions are held regularly in most villages. Members of Bhutanese police and army were involved in burning of Lhotshampa houses, land confiscation and other widespread human rights abuses including arrest, torture and rape of Lhotshampas involved in political protests. Bhutan was inhabited 4000 years ago, there were archeological evident indicating settlements in Bhutan dating back to 2000-1500 BC. In the south, the Shiwalik Hills are covered with dense Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests, alluvial lowland river valleys, and mountains up to around 1,500 m (4,900 ft) above sea level. The Lhotshampa, meaning "southerner Bhutanese", are a heterogeneous group of mostly Nepalese ancestry who have sought political and cultural recognition including equality in right to abode, language, and dress. Print. Du musst wissen, dass wir unsere Webseite jeden Tag mithilfe einer fortschrittlichen Datenbank aktualisieren, damit du als treuer Kreuzworträtsel-Fan immer Hilfe findest, wenn dir eine schwierige oder neue Frage begegnet, auf die ⦠Bhutan won its first two FIFA World Cup Qualifying matches, beating Sri Lanka 1–0 in Sri Lanka and 2–1 in Bhutan, taking the aggregate at 3–1. Nepal and Bangladesh are located in proximity to Bhutan but do not share a land border. [176] Bhutan's nearest railway station is Hasimara. [31], The first time a separate Kingdom of Bhutan appeared on a western map, it did so under its local name "Broukpa". [57], In 1999, the government lifted a ban on television and internet, making Bhutan one of the last countries to introduce television. In the temperate zone, grey langur, tiger, goral and serow are found in mixed conifer, broadleaf and pine forests. [71] This is reflected in the decision to maintain at least sixty percent of the land area under forest cover, to designate more than 40%[72][73] of its territory as national parks, reserves and other protected areas, and most recently to identify a further nine percent of land area as biodiversity corridors linking the protected areas. It consists of the National Council, an upper house with 25 elected members; and the National Assembly with 47 elected lawmakers from political parties. 1 Lösung. [167] National carrier Druk Air operates flights between Paro Airport and airports in Jakar (Bumthang Dzongkhag) and Gelephu (Sarpang Dzongkhag) on a weekly basis. [105] However, the unemployment rates among women are still higher than those of men and women are in more unsecure work fields, such as agriculture. However, the peace was tenuous, and border skirmishes with the British were to continue for the next hundred years. Bhutan joined the United Nations in 1971. On 8 August 1949, a treaty similar to that of 1910, in which Britain had gained power over Bhutan's foreign relations, was signed with the newly independent India.[34]. Bhutan has no railways, though Indian Railways plans to link southern Bhutan to its vast network under an agreement signed in January 2005. Traditional Bhutanese archery is a social event, and competitions are organized between villages, towns, and amateur teams. The population of Bhutan had been estimated based on the reported figure of about 1 million in the 1970s when the country had joined the United Nations and precise statistics were lacking. Bhutan`s ecosystem harbours some of the most exotic, endemic species of the eastern Himalayas. Over 670 species of birds have been recorded and many more are yet to be discovered. The largest of these festivals is the tsechu â with dances in honour of Guru Rinpoche. Dzongkha is partially intelligible with Sikkimese and spoken natively by 25% of the population. [143][144] Bhutanese red rice is the country's most widely known agricultural export, enjoying a market in North America and Europe. This had little real effect, given Bhutan's historical reticence, and also did not appear to affect Bhutan's traditional relations with Tibet. In Bhutanese families, inheritance generally passes matrilineally through the female rather than the male line. Bhutanâs hydropower exports comprise 40% of total exports and 25% of the governmentâs total revenue. Since 2008, many Western countries, such as Canada, Norway, the UK, Australia, and the US, have allowed resettlement of majority of the Lhotshampa refugees. [61] The lowest point, at 98 m (322 ft), is in the valley of Drangme Chhu, where the river crosses the border with India. Members of Bhutanese police and army were involved in burning of Lhotshampa houses, land confiscation and other widespread human rights abuses including arrest, torture and rape of Lhotshampas involved in political protests. Bhutan hat 716.896 Einwohner (Stand Juli 2012, geschätzt) Die Bevölkerung von Bhutan setzt sich aus drei Gruppen zusammen: Der im westlichen Hochland lebenden, aus Tibet eingewanderten, Ngalongs, einer Schicht, der auch das Königshaus angehört. The country's constitution mentions environment standards in multiple sections. Bhutan is the only Vajrayana Buddhist nation in the world, and the profound teachings of this tradition remain well preserved an⦠Globalization is affecting the life of Bhutan. Western Bhutan has the heavier monsoon rains; southern Bhutan has hot humid summers and cool winters; central and eastern Bhutan are temperate and drier than the west with warm summers and cool winters. A peace treaty was signed in which Bhutan agreed to retreat to its pre-1730 borders. [74] Bhutan had a 2018 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 8.85/10, ranking it 16th globally out of 172 countries. The government strictly enforced this law in Buddhist religious buildings, government offices, schools, official functions, and public ceremonies. [148] Hydropower has been the primary focus for the country's five-year plans. The standing army numbers about 16,000 and is trained by the Indian Army. Besides the stunning natural scenery, the enduring image of the country for most visitors is the strong sense of culture and tradition that binds the kingdom and clearly distinguishes it from its larger neighbours. The Torsa, Raidak, Sankosh, and Manas are Bhutan's main rivers, flowing through this region. One of the main attractions for tourists is the country's culture and traditions. Yongphulla Airport in Trashigang is a small domestic airport that underwent upgrades through 2010. [13][62] Most of the Duars is in India, but a 10 to 15 km (6.2 to 9.3 mi)-wide strip extends into Bhutan. Whereas the Treaty of 1949, Article 2 stated: "The Government of India undertakes to exercise no interference in the internal administration of Bhutan. [113] Lhotshampas were arrested, their houses burned and then expelled from the country and their property confiscated without compensation. Other countries, such as the United States and the United Kingdom, have no formal diplomatic relations with Bhutan but maintain informal contact through their respective embassies in New Delhi and the Bhutanese honorary consulate in Washington, DC. [188], Historically education in Bhutan was monastic with secular school education for the general population introduced in the 1960s[189] The mountainous landscape poses barriers to integrated educational services.[189]. Isolation has preserved the heavily Buddhist-influenced culture of the last Shangri-La. In pursuant to the launch of the Zero Waste Hour on 2 June 2019 by Her Majesty the Gyaltsuen, every second day of the every month is observed as the Zero Waste Hour. [120] The policy manifested in banning of teaching of Nepali language in schools and denial of citizenship to those who were not able to prove officially issued land holding title prior to 1950[121] specifically targeting ethnic Nepali speaking minority groups ("Lhotshampa"), representing one-third of the population at the time. This was mainly due to the commissioning of the gigantic Tala Hydroelectric Power Station. This is a rare extant report of the Zhabdrung. Sailen Debnath, Essays on Cultural History of North Bengal. [105] This program was created to promote and protect women's and children's rights. The current Prime Minister of Bhutan is Lotay Tshering, leader of the Druk Nyamrup Tshogpa Party. The People's Democratic Party came to power in the 2013 elections. The altitude varies from 300 metres in the south to 7,300 metres in the north. Remote Bhutan first allowed the world a peek inside in 1974. Annual precipitation ranges widely in various parts of the ⦠The widening project is expected to be completed by the end of 2017 and will make road travel across the country substantially faster and more efficient. These include ducks, waders, birds of prey, thrushes, finches and buntings. Ambassador to India Ron Malka and his Bhutanese counterpart Vetsop Namgyel signed the final agreement normalizing ties on this day. [194], While Bhutanese citizens are free to travel abroad, Bhutan is viewed as inaccessible by many foreigners. [214], India's Ministry of External Affairs provides financial aid to its neighbors as "technical and economic cooperation with other countries and advances to foreign governments.". [168], The Lateral Road is Bhutan's primary east–west corridor, connecting the towns of Phuentsholing in the southwest to Trashigang in the east. Kingdom of Bhutan. Historically a remote kingdom, Bhutan became less isolated in the second half of the 20th century, and consequently the pace of change began to accelerate. [29] The terms for the Kings of Bhutan, Druk Gyalpo ("Dragon King"), and the Bhutanese endonym Drukpa, "Dragon people," are similarly derived. It was a founding member of SAARC (South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation) in 1985. Bhutan's import partners include India (74.5 percent), Japan (7.4 percent) and Sweden (3.2 percent). Approximately 269 square kilometers (104 sq mi) remain under discussion between China and Bhutan. [34][35], Buddhism was first introduced to Bhutan in the 7th century AD. Hallo, lieber Kreuzworträtsel-Fan! [98], On 13 November 2005, Chinese soldiers crossed into the disputed territories between China and Bhutan and began building roads and bridges. [81], The huge market value of the Ophiocordyceps sinensis fungus crop collected from the wild has also resulted in unsustainable exploitation which is proving very difficult to regulate. [77] While the entire country collectively produces 2,200,000 metric tons (2,200,000 long tons; 2,400,000 short tons) of carbon dioxide a year, the immense forest covering 72% of the country acts as a carbon sink, absorbing more than four million tons of carbon dioxide every year. The arrangement continued under a new treaty with India in 1949 in which both countries recognized each other's sovereignty. Likewise, geog elect headmen called gups, vice-headmen called mangmis, who also sit on the Dzongkhag Tshogdu, as well as other members of the Geog Tshogde. Mountain rivers, fed by melting snow or monsoon rains, empty into the Brahmaputra River in India. It became a founding member of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) in 1985. The earliest Western record of Bhutan, the 1627 Relação of the Portuguese Jesuits Estêvão Cacella and João Cabral,[44] records its name variously as Cambirasi (among the Koch Biharis[45]), Potente, and Mon (an endonym for southern Tibet). Bhutan, located in the central Himalayas, is a land-locked country of approximately 38,394 sq kms bordered on the west, south, and east by India and on the north by the autonomous region of Tibet. [76] Nearly 56.3% of all Bhutanese are involved with agriculture, forestry or conservation. They were arrested and questioned, and often beaten, tortured and held for months without trial. There are no reliable sources for the ethnic or linguistic composition of Bhutan, so these numbers do not add up to 100%. The Royal Securities Exchange of Bhutan is the main stock exchange. The modern distinction between the two did not begin until well into the Scottish explorer George Bogle's 1774 expedition. Bhutan was the only country in South Asia to oppose the Russian annexation of Crimea in United Nations General Assembly Resolution 68/262. It incubates startups via the "Bhutan Innovation and Technology Center" (BITC). Bhutanese people primarily consist of the Ngalops and Sharchops, called the Western Bhutanese and Eastern Bhutanese respectively. Although the Sharchops are slightly larger in demographic size, the Ngalops dominate the political sphere, as the King and the political elite belong to this group. Rätsel Hilfe für Volksgruppe in Bhutan Another traditional sport is the Digor, which resembles the shot put and horseshoe throwing. [23] Bhutan is also a member of the Climate Vulnerable Forum, the Non-Aligned Movement, BIMSTEC, the IMF, the World Bank, UNESCO and the World Health Organization (WHO). Around 50 species of the known birds are winter migrants. They include: population pressures, agricultural modernization, poaching, hydro-power development, mineral extraction, industrialization, urbanization, sewage and waste disposal, tourism, competition for available land, road construction and the provision of other physical infrastructure associated with social and economic development. Bhutan has numerous public holidays, most of which coincide with traditional, seasonal, secular or religious festivals. People go to places like this for vacation. The precise etymology of "Bhutan" is unknown, although it is likely to derive from the Tibetan endonym "Böd" for Tibet. The northern Duars, which abut the Himalayan foothills, have rugged, sloping terrain and dry, porous soil with dense vegetation and abundant wildlife. In February 2007 the Indo-Bhutan Friendship Treaty was substantially revised. By Yeshay Dorji. Party abbreviations (political parties prohibited 1953-2007): DNT = Druk Nyamrup Tshogpa (brug nyam-rub tshogs-pa, social-democratic, center-left, est.20 Jan 2013); DPT = Druk Phuensum Tshogpa (Bhutan Peace and Prosperity Party, conservative, royalist, merger of All People's Party and Druk People's Unity Party, est.25 Jul ⦠Bhutan experiences five distinct seasons: summer, monsoon, autumn, winter and spring. Such political demonstrations were forcefully suppressed by Bhutanese security forces. Jewelry is commonly worn by women, especially during religious festivals ("tsechus") and public gatherings. Women have begun to participate more in the work force and their participation is one of the highest in the region. [38], The national language is Dzongkha (Bhutanese), one of 53 languages in the Tibetan language family. [211] In 2002, Bhutan's national football team played Montserrat, in what was billed as The Other Final; the match took place on the same day Brazil played Germany in the World Cup final, but at the time Bhutan and Montserrat were the world's two lowest ranked teams. Notable settlements that the Lateral Road runs through directly are Wangdue Phodrang and Trongsa. [106][107] In 1977 followed by in 1985 Bhutan's government enacted legislations against the Lhotshampa ethnic minority to tighten citizenship criteria and introducing provisions for denationalization of Lhotshampas who held citizenship. [92] A 2014 joint statement by the prime ministers of both countries announced cooperation in areas of hydropower, river management and climate change mitigation. Bhutan and neighboring Tibet experienced the spread of Buddhism which originated in the Indian subcontinent during the lifetime of Gautama Buddha. The United Kingdom has an honorary consul resident in Thimphu.The latest country with which Bhutan has established diplomatic relations is Israel, on 12th December 2020. Japan is also helping Bhutan cope with glacial floods through developing an early warning system. Bhutan is arguably the worldâs happiest country. Trans. The Indo-Bhutan Friendship Treaty of 2007 clarifies Bhutan's status as an independent and sovereign nation. At these events, dancers depict heroes, demons, dæmons, death heads, animals, gods, and caricatures of common people by wearing colorful wooden or composition face masks and stylized costumes. Bangladesh is the largest market of Bhutanese apples and oranges.[145]. However, the country's mineral deposits remain untapped, as it prefers to conserve the environment, rather than to exploit and destroy it for money.
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